Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease
Identifieur interne : 001711 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 001710; suivant : 001712Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease
Auteurs : Richard E. A. Van Emmerik ; Robert C. Wagenaar ; Ania Winogrodzka ; Erik C. WoltersSource :
- Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation [ 0003-9993 ] ; 1998.
Abstract
Objectives: To identify coordination changes and stability in the movements of the trunk during locomotion in Parkinson disease (PD) as a function of walking velocity.Study Design: Comparison of treadmill locomotion with an opto-electronic tracking device.Patients: Newly diagnosed patients with PD (n = 27) and a group of healthy control subjects (n = 11).Results: Coordination between transversal pelvic and thoracic rotations showed significantly smaller changes in mean relative phase (p < .0001) and lower variability in relative phase (p < .0001) in the PD group. No significant differences were found in stride duration and variability in stride duration.Conclusions: The relative phase data contradict traditional notions of increased variability in motor control in PD and pinpoint the importance of the trunk in identifying axial rigidity. This discrepancy may be due to lack of control for walking velocity in earlier studies. It is concluded that systematic manipulation of walking velocity can identify coordination deficits and rigidity in trunk movement. This coordination of trunk movement can also be a sensitive measure for (early) diagnosis and the assessment of movement and pharmacological therapy in PD.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik, Richard E A" sort="Van Emmerik, Richard E A" uniqKey="Van Emmerik R" first="Richard E. A." last="Van Emmerik">Richard E. A. Van Emmerik</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagenaar, Robert C" sort="Wagenaar, Robert C" uniqKey="Wagenaar R" first="Robert C." last="Wagenaar">Robert C. Wagenaar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physical Therapy, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winogrodzka, Ania" sort="Winogrodzka, Ania" uniqKey="Winogrodzka A" first="Ania" last="Winogrodzka">Ania Winogrodzka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolters, Erik C" sort="Wolters, Erik C" uniqKey="Wolters E" first="Erik C." last="Wolters">Erik C. Wolters</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86</idno><date when="1999" year="1999">1999</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001711</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title><author><name sortKey="Van Emmerik, Richard E A" sort="Van Emmerik, Richard E A" uniqKey="Van Emmerik R" first="Richard E. A." last="Van Emmerik">Richard E. A. Van Emmerik</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wagenaar, Robert C" sort="Wagenaar, Robert C" uniqKey="Wagenaar R" first="Robert C." last="Wagenaar">Robert C. Wagenaar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Physical Therapy, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winogrodzka, Ania" sort="Winogrodzka, Ania" uniqKey="Winogrodzka A" first="Ania" last="Winogrodzka">Ania Winogrodzka</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolters, Erik C" sort="Wolters, Erik C" uniqKey="Wolters E" first="Erik C." last="Wolters">Erik C. Wolters</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YAPMR</title><idno type="ISSN">0003-9993</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1998">1998</date><biblScope unit="volume">80</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="186">186</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="191">191</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0003-9993</idno></series><idno type="istex">91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3</idno><idno type="PII">S0003-9993(99)90119-3</idno><idno type="ArticleID">99901193</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0003-9993</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Objectives: To identify coordination changes and stability in the movements of the trunk during locomotion in Parkinson disease (PD) as a function of walking velocity.Study Design: Comparison of treadmill locomotion with an opto-electronic tracking device.Patients: Newly diagnosed patients with PD (n = 27) and a group of healthy control subjects (n = 11).Results: Coordination between transversal pelvic and thoracic rotations showed significantly smaller changes in mean relative phase (p < .0001) and lower variability in relative phase (p < .0001) in the PD group. No significant differences were found in stride duration and variability in stride duration.Conclusions: The relative phase data contradict traditional notions of increased variability in motor control in PD and pinpoint the importance of the trunk in identifying axial rigidity. This discrepancy may be due to lack of control for walking velocity in earlier studies. It is concluded that systematic manipulation of walking velocity can identify coordination deficits and rigidity in trunk movement. This coordination of trunk movement can also be a sensitive measure for (early) diagnosis and the assessment of movement and pharmacological therapy in PD.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Richard E.A. Van Emmerik PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, The Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Robert C. Wagenaar PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Physical Therapy, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ania Winogrodzka MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Erik C. Wolters MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><articleId><json:string>99901193</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Objectives: To identify coordination changes and stability in the movements of the trunk during locomotion in Parkinson disease (PD) as a function of walking velocity.Study Design: Comparison of treadmill locomotion with an opto-electronic tracking device.Patients: Newly diagnosed patients with PD (n = 27) and a group of healthy control subjects (n = 11).Results: Coordination between transversal pelvic and thoracic rotations showed significantly smaller changes in mean relative phase (p > .0001) and lower variability in relative phase (p > .0001) in the PD group. No significant differences were found in stride duration and variability in stride duration.Conclusions: The relative phase data contradict traditional notions of increased variability in motor control in PD and pinpoint the importance of the trunk in identifying axial rigidity. This discrepancy may be due to lack of control for walking velocity in earlier studies. It is concluded that systematic manipulation of walking velocity can identify coordination deficits and rigidity in trunk movement. This coordination of trunk movement can also be a sensitive measure for (early) diagnosis and the assessment of movement and pharmacological therapy in PD.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.933</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>576 x 828 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1225</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4773</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>31578</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>180</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title><pii><json:string>S0003-9993(99)90119-3</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><volume>Vol 2</volume><pages><last>164</last><first>153</first></pages><genre></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Recent developments in Parkinson's disease</title></serie><host><volume>80</volume><pii><json:string>S0003-9993(00)X0184-0</json:string></pii><pages><last>191</last><first>186</first></pages><issn><json:string>0003-9993</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</title><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate></host><publicationDate>1998</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1999</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3</json:string></doi><id>91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>ELSEVIER</p></availability><date>1999</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note>Supported by a fellowship from the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences to Dr. Van Emmerik, and by grant 900-565-031 from the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) to Drs. Van Emmerik and Wagenaar.</note><note>No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.</note><note type="content">Section title: Article</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title><author><persName><forename type="first">Richard E.A.</forename><surname>Van Emmerik</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><note type="biography">Reprint requests to Richard E.A. Van Emmerik, PhD, University of Massachusetts, Department of Exercise Science, 160 Totman Building, Amherst, MA 01003.</note><affiliation>Reprint requests to Richard E.A. Van Emmerik, PhD, University of Massachusetts, Department of Exercise Science, 160 Totman Building, Amherst, MA 01003.</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, The Netherlands</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Robert C.</forename><surname>Wagenaar</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Physical Therapy, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Ania</forename><surname>Winogrodzka</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Erik C.</forename><surname>Wolters</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YAPMR</title><idno type="pISSN">0003-9993</idno><idno type="PII">S0003-9993(00)X0184-0</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1998"></date><biblScope unit="volume">80</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="186">186</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="191">191</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3</idno><idno type="PII">S0003-9993(99)90119-3</idno><idno type="ArticleID">99901193</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1999</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objectives: To identify coordination changes and stability in the movements of the trunk during locomotion in Parkinson disease (PD) as a function of walking velocity.Study Design: Comparison of treadmill locomotion with an opto-electronic tracking device.Patients: Newly diagnosed patients with PD (n = 27) and a group of healthy control subjects (n = 11).Results: Coordination between transversal pelvic and thoracic rotations showed significantly smaller changes in mean relative phase (p < .0001) and lower variability in relative phase (p < .0001) in the PD group. No significant differences were found in stride duration and variability in stride duration.Conclusions: The relative phase data contradict traditional notions of increased variability in motor control in PD and pinpoint the importance of the trunk in identifying axial rigidity. This discrepancy may be due to lack of control for walking velocity in earlier studies. It is concluded that systematic manipulation of walking velocity can identify coordination deficits and rigidity in trunk movement. This coordination of trunk movement can also be a sensitive measure for (early) diagnosis and the assessment of movement and pharmacological therapy in PD.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1998-07-01">Registration</change><change when="1998">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla" xml:lang="en"><item-info><jid>YAPMR</jid><aid>99901193</aid><ce:pii>S0003-9993(99)90119-3</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1999"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:article-footnote><ce:label>☆</ce:label><ce:note-para>Supported by a fellowship from the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences to Dr. Van Emmerik, and by grant 900-565-031 from the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) to Drs. Van Emmerik and Wagenaar.</ce:note-para></ce:article-footnote><ce:article-footnote><ce:label>☆☆</ce:label><ce:note-para>No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.</ce:note-para></ce:article-footnote><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Article</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Richard E.A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Van Emmerik</ce:surname><ce:degrees>PhD</ce:degrees><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup loc="post">∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup loc="post">a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Robert C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wagenaar</ce:surname><ce:degrees>PhD</ce:degrees><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup loc="post">b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup loc="post">d</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Ania</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Winogrodzka</ce:surname><ce:degrees>MD</ce:degrees><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup loc="post">c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Erik C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Wolters</ce:surname><ce:degrees>MD, PhD</ce:degrees><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup loc="post">c</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, The Netherlands</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Physical Therapy, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>d</ce:label><ce:textfn>Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:text>Reprint requests to Richard E.A. Van Emmerik, PhD, University of Massachusetts, Department of Exercise Science, 160 Totman Building, Amherst, MA 01003.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="23" month="4" year="1998"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="1" month="7" year="1998"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract class="author"><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0010"><ce:bold>Objectives:</ce:bold> To identify coordination changes and stability in the movements of the trunk during locomotion in Parkinson disease (PD) as a function of walking velocity.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0015"><ce:bold>Study Design:</ce:bold> Comparison of treadmill locomotion with an opto-electronic tracking device.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0020"><ce:bold>Patients:</ce:bold> Newly diagnosed patients with PD (<ce:italic>n</ce:italic> = 27) and a group of healthy control subjects (<ce:italic>n</ce:italic> = 11).</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0025"><ce:bold>Results:</ce:bold> Coordination between transversal pelvic and thoracic rotations showed significantly smaller changes in mean relative phase (<ce:italic>p</ce:italic> < .0001) and lower variability in relative phase (<ce:italic>p</ce:italic> < .0001) in the PD group. No significant differences were found in stride duration and variability in stride duration.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para view="all" id="simple-para.0030"><ce:bold>Conclusions:</ce:bold> The relative phase data contradict traditional notions of increased variability in motor control in PD and pinpoint the importance of the trunk in identifying axial rigidity. This discrepancy may be due to lack of control for walking velocity in earlier studies. It is concluded that systematic manipulation of walking velocity can identify coordination deficits and rigidity in trunk movement. This coordination of trunk movement can also be a sensitive measure for (early) diagnosis and the assessment of movement and pharmacological therapy in PD.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Identification of axial rigidity during locomotion in parkinson disease</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Richard E.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Van Emmerik</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Exercise Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, The Netherlands</affiliation><description>Reprint requests to Richard E.A. Van Emmerik, PhD, University of Massachusetts, Department of Exercise Science, 160 Totman Building, Amherst, MA 01003.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Robert C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wagenaar</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Physical Therapy, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ania</namePart><namePart type="family">Winogrodzka</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Erik C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wolters</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1998</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">1998-07-01</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Objectives: To identify coordination changes and stability in the movements of the trunk during locomotion in Parkinson disease (PD) as a function of walking velocity.Study Design: Comparison of treadmill locomotion with an opto-electronic tracking device.Patients: Newly diagnosed patients with PD (n = 27) and a group of healthy control subjects (n = 11).Results: Coordination between transversal pelvic and thoracic rotations showed significantly smaller changes in mean relative phase (p < .0001) and lower variability in relative phase (p < .0001) in the PD group. No significant differences were found in stride duration and variability in stride duration.Conclusions: The relative phase data contradict traditional notions of increased variability in motor control in PD and pinpoint the importance of the trunk in identifying axial rigidity. This discrepancy may be due to lack of control for walking velocity in earlier studies. It is concluded that systematic manipulation of walking velocity can identify coordination deficits and rigidity in trunk movement. This coordination of trunk movement can also be a sensitive measure for (early) diagnosis and the assessment of movement and pharmacological therapy in PD.</abstract><note>Supported by a fellowship from the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences to Dr. Van Emmerik, and by grant 900-565-031 from the Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) to Drs. Van Emmerik and Wagenaar.</note><note>No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors or upon any organization with which the authors are associated.</note><note type="content">Section title: Article</note><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YAPMR</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199902</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0003-9993</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0003-9993(00)X0184-0</identifier><part><date>199902</date><detail type="volume"><number>80</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>127</start><end>240</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>186</start><end>191</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90119-3</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0003-9993(99)90119-3</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">99901193</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><enrichments><istex:refBibTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/91E881F3E8D864BB78FA164B7C978C9B0BE7DB86/enrichments/refBib"><teiHeader></teiHeader><text><front></front><body></body><back><listBibl><biblStruct><monogr></monogr></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic></analytic><monogr><title level="j">I</title><imprint><biblScope unit="volume">8</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">9</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">An analysis of Parkinsonian gait</title><author><persName><forename type="first">References</forename><surname>Knultson</surname></persName></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Brain</title><imprint><biblScope unit="volume">95</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="475" to="86"></biblScope><date type="published" when="1912"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Walking patterns of men with parkinsonism Blin 0, Ferrandez AM, Serratrice G. 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